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Objective:To investigate the value of mind map combined with blended teaching in improving the teaching quality of medicinal botany. Methods:A total of 102 students studying the course of medicinal botany were enrolled as subjects. The 51 students in the class of 2020 were enrolled as control group and received conventional teaching, and the 51 students in the class of 2021 were enrolled as observation group and received mind map combined with blended teaching. The two groups were assessed in terms of examination scores, critical thinking ability scores, self-learning ability scores, and student feedback on teaching quality. SPSS 22.0 was used for the t-test and the chi-square test. Results:Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly higher examination scores ( t=3.01 and 3.14, P=0.003 and 0.002). After practice, both groups had increases in the scores of critical thinking ability and self-learning ability, and the observation group had significantly higher scores than the control group ( t=11.22 and 2.69, P<0.001 and P=0.008). Compared with the control group, the observation group had a better student feedback on teaching quality than the control group ( t=6.79, 7.83, 7.26, 7.43, and 8.54, P=0.009, 0.005, 0.007, 0.006, and 0.003). Conclusion:The combination of mind map and blended teaching can improve the examination scores of students and their critical thinking ability and self-learning ability, and students believe that this teaching model can help to improve teaching quality.
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Objective To analyze the EGFR gene mutations and environmental exposure factors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Bazhong City, and to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients. Methods A total of 356 NSCLC patients admitted to Bazhong Hospital from 2019 to 2020 were selected. All patients underwent EGFR gene detection and were divided into mutant group (n=171) and wild-type group (n=185) according to EGFR gene mutation. Environmental exposure data of patients were collected, including smoking status, smoking index, frequent frying of food, etc. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the environmental risk factors of EGFR gene mutations in NSCLC patients. Results A total of 171 EGFR gene mutations were detected in 356 NSCLC patients, and the mutation rate was 48.03%. The mutation rate of EGFR gene in females was significantly higher than that in males (P0.05). The mutation rate of EGFR gene in patients with adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in patients without adenocarcinoma (P0.05). Among the 356 NSCLC patients, there were 171 cases with EGFR gene mutations (48.03%), including 335 single mutations, 181 exon 19 mutations, 129 exon 21 L858R mutations, 12 exon 21 L861Q mutations, 8 exon 20 insertion mutations, and 5 Exon 18 mutations. There were 18 cases carrying double mutations and 3 cases carrying triple mutations. There were significant differences between the two groups in smoking status, smoking index, use of coal stove, use of smoke extraction equipment, cooking fumes, fried food intake, and family history of cancer (P<0.05). Non-smoking (OR=3.19), not using smoke exhaust equipment (OR=3.58), and using coal stove (OR=2.19) were the environmental exposure factors of EGFR mutation in NSCLC patients (P<0.05). Conclusion The EGFR gene mutation rate is high in NSCLC patients in Bazhong City, and most of them are female non-smoking patients. EGFR gene detection should be performed in NSCLS patients without smoke exhaust equipment and using coal stoves to improve the detection rate of EGFR mutation.
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Objective:To explore the effects of rs6354 polymorphism of 5-HTT gene and family factors on the adaptability of Mongolian school-age children.Methods:The adaptability of 453 primary school students was assessed based on the middle childhood temperament questionnaire(MCTQ). The polymorphism of 5-HTT gene rs6354 was determined by improved multiple ligase detection reaction(iMLDR) technology. SPSS18.0 statistical software was used for data processing and analysis.Results:(1) The adaptability scores of children with GG/GT and TT genotype at rs6354 locus of 5-HTT gene were(2.88±0.73) and(3.03±0.76). (2) Univariate analysis showed that the adaptability scores of Mongolian school-age children were significantly different among different education levels of their parents (father F=2.580, P=0.037; mother F=3.245, P=0.012). (3) Multiple regression analysis showed that mother's educational level( B=-0.079, P=0.010) and rs6354 polymorphism( B=0.165, P=0.041) were inflencing factors of the adaptability score of Mongolian school-age children. (4) Logistic regression analysis showed that father's education level was a significant impact factor of the adaptive level of Mongolian school-age children( B=0.453, P<0.05, OR=1.573, 95% CI=1.023-2.417). Conclusion:rs6354 polymorphism is weakly correlated with children's adaptability, and the education level of parents, especially fathers, may be an important factor affecting the adaptability of Mongolian school-age children.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression and gene function of methyltransferase-like protein 27 (METTL27) in colon cancer, its association with immune infiltration and its prognostic significance.@*METHODS@#We analyzed the expression levels of METTL27 in 33 cancers using R language and identified METTL27 as a differential gene in colon cancer. The related signaling pathways of METTL27 were analyzed by gene functional annotation and enrichment. SsGSEA algorithm was used to analyze immune infiltration, and logistic analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between METTL27 expression and clinicopathological features of the patients. Kaplan-meier analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to construct a nomogram for evaluating the correlation between METTL27 expression and clinical prognosis. The expression level of METTL27 was further verified in colorectal cancer cell lines and 16 clinical specimens of colorectal cancer tissues using qPCR and Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#METTL27 was highly expressed in 21 cancers, and its expression was significantly higher in colon cancer than in adjacent tissues (P < 0.001). METTL27-related genes were identified by differential analysis, and functional annotation revealed that METTL27 was significantly enriched in transmembrane transport and lipid metabolism, and 5 related signaling pathways were identified by GSEA. METTL27 expression was negatively correlated with different T helper cells and central memory T cells (P < 0.001). The patients with a high METTL27 mRNA expression had a poor survival outcome. Cox regression analysis showed that METTL27 expression was an independent prognostic factor of the overall survival. The expression level of METTL27 was significantly higher in the colorectal cancer cell line than in normal cells (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#METTL27 is overexpressed in colon cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis of the patients. A high expression of METTL27 showed is associated less T cell immune infiltration, suggesting the potential of METTL27 as a prognostic marker of colon cancer.
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Humans , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Prognosis , RNA, MessengerABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the distribution of 177Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA nanoparticles in vivo, and evaluate the therapeutic effect of nanoparticles intraperitoneal injection on ovarian cancer peritoneal metastases and ascites. Methods:Nanoparticles were prepared and injected into human ovarian cancer xenograft nude mice model by tail vein. Micro-SPECT/CT imaging was performed at different times (4, 24, 72 h and 7 d) after injection to observe the distribution of nanoparticles in vivo. Nude mouse models of intraperitoneal metastases of human ovarian cancer were randomly divided into negative control group (normal saline), chemotherapy group (cisplatin 3 mg/kg, twice a week) and nanoparticle group (18.5 MBq), with 4 mice in each group. After 7 days, intraperitoneal tumor growth was evaluated by in vivo fluorescence imaging. The relative tumor inhibition rate was counted. Tumor cell apoptosis rate was detected by TUNEL method, and the proliferation activity tumor Ki67 was detected by immunohistochemical method. The ascites volume of each group was compared after treatment. Results:Micro-SPECT/CT imaging showed the radioactive uptake of the transplanted tumor, and the 24 h tumor muscle uptake ratio (T/M) was the highest, about 2.81±0.49. Intravital fluorescence imaging showed that, after intraperitoneal administration, the fluorescence intensity of abdominal tumor in particle group, chemotherapy group and control group was (1.45±0.19)×10 10, (2.21±0.36)×10 10 and (2.63±0.79)×10 10( F=6.09, P=0.029), respectively. The relative tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of the particle group and the chemotherapy group were 35.6% and 18.6%, respectively. The tumor cell apoptosis rates in particle group and chemotherapy group were higher than those in control group ( F=9.96, P=0.009). Ki67 indexes in particle group and chemotherapy group were lower than those in control group ( F=9.93, P=0.013). The ascites volume in particle group and chemotherapy group were both smaller than those in control group ( F=13.43, P=0.006). Conclusions:177Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA nanoparticles can be used for the targeted imaging of ovarian cancer. After intraperitoneal injection, nanoparticles show local retention, degradation and absorption and thus inhibit the growth of peritoneal metastases and ascites of ovarian cancer, which provides a new idea for the diagnosis and treatment of advanced ovarian cancer with peritoneal metastasis.
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Objective:A new algorithm based on Hough transform (HT) was proposed to improve the accuracy and stability of the film image analysis of Automatic Quality Assurance (AQA) test, and to explore the influence of the resolution of film image on the test results.Methods:Nine pairs of films were obtained for AQA modules in this study. Firstly, the median filter was used to preprocess the grayed-out film image to remove noise interference. Then, a global threshold was utilized to binarize the image. The images were edge-detected and the film edge line was extracted by Hough transform. The film image was transformed to the correct position. Finally, the edge of the field shadow circle and the shadow circle of the tungsten ball were extracted by the edge detection method and Hough transform. The radial error was finally obtained by analyzing the concentricity.Results:There was no significant difference in the accuracy between the test results yielded by the HT method and the AQA software ( P>0.05). The difference in the standard deviation of the test results was statistically significant ( P=0.027), indicating that the algorithm increased the stability while ensuring the accuracy of film analysis. Increasing the resolution of film scanning failed to significantly improve the accuracy and stability of film analysis in both two methods. Conclusions:The algorithm used in this study can eliminate the human error caused by film scanning placement while ensuring the accuracy of film analysis, providing a more stable way for the AQA test of the CyberKnife system.
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This study aims to investigate the effect of down-regulation of miR-205-5p by transfection of miR-205-5p inhibitor on the sensitivity of HNE1/DDP cells to cisplatin (DDP) induced apoptosis and explore the underlying mechanism. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-205-5p in HNE1 or HNE1/DDP cells. The expression level of miR-205-5p was analyzed after transfecting HNE1/DDP cells with miR-205-5p inhibitor. MTT assay was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of DDP alone or in combination with miR-205-5p inhibitor on the proliferation of HNE1/DDP or HNE1 cells. Apoptosis of cells treated with miR-205-5p inhibitor alone or in combination with DDP (8 μmol·L-1) was assessed using flow cytometry with PI staining, with the nucleus was counterstained with DAPI staining. The expression of Bax, Bak, Mcl-1, or Bcl-2 was analyzed by Western blot. HNE1/DDP cells showed a high level of expression of miR-205-5p, and the expression of miR-205-5p was significantly decreased by transfection of miR-205-5p inhibitor. Down-regulation of miR-205-5p significantly increased the sensitivity of HNE1/DDP cells to DDP (P<0.05). Transfection of miR-205-5p inhibitor enhanced the sensitivity of HNE1/DDP cells to DDP induced apoptosis. Treatment of HNE1/DDP cells with miR-205-5p inhibitor combined with DDP (8 μmol·L-1) for 24 h resulted in an apoptotic rate of 28.93% ± 2.50%, significantly higher than that treated with miR-205-5p inhibitor (9.83% ± 1.31%) or DDP alone (10.83% ± 1.70%) (P<0.05). DAPI staining showed that HNE1/DDP cell nucleus became significantly condensed and fragmented in miR-205-5p inhibitor combined with DDP group. The combined group up-regulated the expression of Bax and down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 in HNE1/DDP cells. Therefore, down-regulation of miR-205-5p can enhance the sensitivity of HNE1/DDP cells to cisplatin induced apoptosis, and the mechanism may involve up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression.
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Objective@#To explore the relationship between different mutation characteristics and clinical phenotype of children with Dravet syndrome (DS) with SCN1A gene mutation, and to summarize the drug efficacy.@*Methods@#The clinical data of children diagnosed as DS from the Department of Pediatrics Neurology, the Third Affi-liated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2014 to May 2018 were collected.The peripheral blood DNA of the children was detected by adopting next generation sequencing for epilepsy-related gene-panel, while the parents′ were screened by using Sanger sequencing for family verification.Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification technology was used to detect large fragment variation of SCN1A gene if the mutations of the children were negative.The Gesell scale and cavity Wechsler intelligence scale for children(C-WISC) were used to evaluate the intelligence of children.@*Results@#A total of 50 cases of DS were collected, 38 cases of them were positive for SCN1A mutation, and the mutation rate was 76.0%(38/50 cases), of which, the missense mutation[50.0%(19/38 cases)] and frameshift mutation[28.9%(11/38 cases)] were dominant.The average onset age of 50 patients was 6 months, of which onset of seizures was triggered by fever(temperature>37.5 ℃) in 68.0%(34/50 cases)of children, the history of seizures in hot baths was found in 60.0%(30/50 cases) of children, status epilepticus was found in 74.0%(37/50 cases), cluster-like episodes was found in 80.0%(40/50 cases), ≥2 seizure types was found in 92.0%(46/50 cases). Mental retarda-tion was found in most of the children, of which 30.0% (15/50 cases) were mild mental retardation, 38.0% (19/50 cases) were moderate mental retardation, 14.0% (7/50 cases)were severe intelligence retardation.Interictal abnormalities of electroencephalogram(EEG) before 1 year old was found in 24.0%(12/50 cases), and the average age of EEG abnormalities was 30.12 months old; the top three drug efficacy rates were 70.0% (28/40 cases) of Topiramate, 48.0% (24/50 cases) of Sodium Valproate, 45.7% (16/35 cases) Clonazepam or Clobazam.The time of onset of myoclonus and atypical absence of the truncation mutation group was earlier than that of the missense mutation group(14.75 months vs.21.20 months; 16.82 months vs.26.00 months), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The proportion of clustered episodes in the truncation mutation group was higher than that in the missense mutation group [94.7%(18/19 cases)vs.63.2%(12/19 cases)], and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between the SCN1A gene mutation (type and position) and age of onset, type of seizure, proportion of convulsion persistence, the mental development or abnormal proportion of EEG and seizure frequency before 1 year old(all P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#The SCN1A gene mutation rate is high in children with DS, and the SCN1A gene mutation characteristics has a certain correlation with DS clinical phenotype.Topiramate is the most effective drug among children with DS.
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Objective To explore the relationship between different mutation characteristics and clinical phenotype of children with Dravet syndrome (DS) with SCN1A gene mutation,and to summarize the drug efficacy.Methods The clinical data of children diagnosed as DS from the Department of Pediatrics Neurology,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2014 to May 2018 were collected.The peripheral blood DNA of the children was detected by adopting next generation sequencing for epilepsy-related gene-panel,while the parents' were screened by using Sanger sequencing for family verification.Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification technology was used to detect large fragment variation of SCN1A gene if the mutations of the children were negative.The Gesell scale and cavity Wechsler intelligence scale for children(C-WISC) were used to evaluate the intelligence of children.Results A total of 50 cases of DS were collected,38 cases of them were positive for SCN1A mutation,and the mutation rate was 76.0％ (38/50 cases),of which,the missense mutation[50.0％ (19/38 cases)] and frameshift mutation[28.9％ (11/38 cases)] were dominant.The average onset age of 50 patients was 6 months,of which onset of seizures was triggered by fever(temperature ＞ 37.5 ℃) in 68.0％ (34/50 cases)of children,the history of seizures in hot baths was found in 60.0％ (30/50 cases) of children,status epilepticus was found in 74.0％ (37/50 cases),cluster-like episodes was found in 80.0％ (40/50 cases),≥2 seizure types was found in 92.0％ (46/50 cases).Mental retardation was found in most of the children,of which 30.0％ (15/50 cases) were mild mental retardation,38.0％ (19/50 cases) were moderate mental retardation,14.0％ (7/50 cases)were severe intelligence retardation.Interictal abnormalities of electroencephalogram(EEG) before 1 year old was found in 24.0％ (12/50 cases),and the average age of EEG abnormalities was 30.12 months old;the top three drug efficacy rates were 70.0％ (28/40 cases) of Topiramate,48.0％ (24/50 cases) of Sodium Valproate,45.7％ (16/35 cases) Clonazepam or Clobazam.The time of onset of myoclonus and atypical absence of the truncation mutation group was earlier than that of the missense mutation group(14.75 months vs.21.20 months;16.82 months vs.26.00 months),and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The proportion of clustered episodes in the truncation mutation group was higher than that in the missense mutation group [94.7％ (18/19 cases)vs.63.2％ (12/19 cases)],and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).There was no significant correlation between the SCN1A gene mutation (type and position) and age of onset,type of seizure,proportion of convulsion persistence,the mental development or abnormal proportion of EEG and seizure frequency before 1 year old(all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The SCN1A gene mutation rate is high in children with DS,and the SCN1A gene mutation characteristics has a certain correlation with DS clinical phenotype.Topiramate is the most effective drug among children with DS.
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Objective To propose a new set of conformity indices ( CIs ) that may be useful for evaluating whether the prescribed doses to target volume and organs at risk ( OAR) in intensity-modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT ) or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy ( 3DCRT ) plans meet clinical requirements. Methods A total of 30 patients' plans were randomly selected from the IMRT or 3DCRT plans for non-small cell lung cancer and analyzed with the newly defined CIs described in this article. The plans to be improved were selected according to the evaluating results, and two schemes were developed to improve these plans. Then, the differences in CI, Dmax , Dmin , and Dmean of the planning target volume ( PTV) , V5 and V20 of the normal lung, V30 and V40 of the heart, and Dmax of the spinal cord were investigated with the paired t-test. Results Among the 30 plans, the average volume covered by the prescribed isodose line ( VRI ) was 25% larger than the PTV, so the normal lung tissue with a volume approximately 25% of PTV was given the same dose as the target volume, and the volume covered by the prescribed isodose line in the target V ( C) R was only 75% of the volume VR. Ninety-five percent of the target volume received a full prescribed dose;only 5% of the target volume received less than the prescribed dose, but which was still within 90% of the prescribed dose. In the comparison between the original plans and the plans improved using the first scheme, CI2 , CI4 , CI5 , CI6 , and homogeneity index ( HI) were not significantly different ( P=0240-0780) , and CI1 and CI3 showed significant differences ( P=0002 and 0);Dmax , Dmin , and Dmean of the PTV, V5 and V20 of the normal lung, V30 and V40 of the heart, and Dmax of the spinal cord were not significantly different ( P=0211-0964) . In the comparison between the original plans and the plans improved using the second scheme, CI2 , CI4 , and CI5 were not significantly different ( P=0308, 0308, and 0106 ) , CI1 , CI3 , CI6 , and HI showed significant differences ( P= 0001-0014);Dmax , Dmin , and Dmean of the PTV, V5 and V20 of the normal lung, and Dmax of the spinal cord showed significant differences ( P=0008-0036 ) , and V30 and V40 of the heart were not significantly different ( P=0083 and 0080) . Conclusions The new set of CIs proposed in this paper may be a good tool for evaluating the conformity of the target and the prescribed dose to OAR and thus developing better individualized treatment plans.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of thrombocytopenia on the migration patterns of adoptive dendritic cell(DC) in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mouse model of thrombocytopenia was established by intraperitoneal administration of anti-CD41 mAb MWReg30. Mouse bone marrow(BM)-derived DC were injected into thrombocytopenia mouse by footpad infusion and intravenous infusion. The DC migration and distribution pattern were detected by bioluminescence imaging.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>More than 80% platelets were cleared in the experimental group which was infused with anti-CD41 antibody. At 72 h after injection, the percentage of injected DC that migrated from footpad to popliteal lymph nodes(PLNs) and inguinal lymph nodes(ILNs) were (0.32±0.02)% and (0.02±0.01)% in experimental group, and (0.27±0.15)% and (0.02±0.02)% in control group, respectively. Statistic data showed that there was no statistical difference between these 2 groups (P>0.05). The issue distribution pattern of intravenously injected DC between experimental group and control group were not distinctly different, and large amounts of injected DC accumulated in the spleen, liver draining lymph-nodes lungs and liver.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Thrombocytopenia has not a distinct effect on the migratory capacity and tissue distribution of DC by either footpad or intravenous injection.</p>
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Objective To propose a new set of conformity indices ( CIs ) that may be useful for evaluating whether the prescribed doses to target volume and organs at risk ( OAR) in intensity-modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT ) or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy ( 3DCRT ) plans meet clinical requirements. Methods A total of 30 patients' plans were randomly selected from the IMRT or 3DCRT plans for non-small cell lung cancer and analyzed with the newly defined CIs described in this article. The plans to be improved were selected according to the evaluating results, and two schemes were developed to improve these plans. Then, the differences in CI, Dmax , Dmin , and Dmean of the planning target volume ( PTV) , V5 and V20 of the normal lung, V30 and V40 of the heart, and Dmax of the spinal cord were investigated with the paired t-test. Results Among the 30 plans, the average volume covered by the prescribed isodose line ( VRI ) was 25% larger than the PTV, so the normal lung tissue with a volume approximately 25% of PTV was given the same dose as the target volume, and the volume covered by the prescribed isodose line in the target V ( C) R was only 75% of the volume VR. Ninety-five percent of the target volume received a full prescribed dose;only 5% of the target volume received less than the prescribed dose, but which was still within 90% of the prescribed dose. In the comparison between the original plans and the plans improved using the first scheme, CI2 , CI4 , CI5 , CI6 , and homogeneity index ( HI) were not significantly different ( P=0240-0780) , and CI1 and CI3 showed significant differences ( P=0002 and 0);Dmax , Dmin , and Dmean of the PTV, V5 and V20 of the normal lung, V30 and V40 of the heart, and Dmax of the spinal cord were not significantly different ( P=0211-0964) . In the comparison between the original plans and the plans improved using the second scheme, CI2 , CI4 , and CI5 were not significantly different ( P=0308, 0308, and 0106 ) , CI1 , CI3 , CI6 , and HI showed significant differences ( P= 0001-0014);Dmax , Dmin , and Dmean of the PTV, V5 and V20 of the normal lung, and Dmax of the spinal cord showed significant differences ( P=0008-0036 ) , and V30 and V40 of the heart were not significantly different ( P=0083 and 0080) . Conclusions The new set of CIs proposed in this paper may be a good tool for evaluating the conformity of the target and the prescribed dose to OAR and thus developing better individualized treatment plans.
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Objective To Analyze the examination meaning of b-type brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP),homocysteine and coagulation-fibrinolysis indexes for patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods Selected 40 patients with acute cerebral infarction (experimental group) to hospital from March 2014 to May 2015 and 40 healthy check-up cases (control group).Then,compared the indicators in blood between the two groups of patients,namely homocysteine (Hcy),NT-proBNP,activated clotting time live enzymes enzyme (APTT),original activator inhibitory factor (PAI-1) and tissuetype fibrinolytic enzyme original activator (tPA).Meanwhile,also compared these indicators for the experimental group before and after treatment.Results Before treatment,the levels of Hcy,t-PA,NT-proBNP,PAI-1 and ATPP for experiment group were 17.7±3.6 μmol/L,29.4±7.9 μmol/L,3 212.8±2 511.4 ng/L,130.1±17.8 μmol/L and 37.8±4.5 s,respectively.The levels of Hey,t-PA,NT-proBNP,PAI-1 and ATPP for control group were 7.2± 2.1 μmol/L,15.1 ± 3.7 μmol/ L,198.7 ± 1 14.8 ng/L,67.8 ± 7.9 μmol/L and 37.8 ± 4.5 s,respectively.After treatment,the levels of Hcy,t-PA,NT-proBNP,PAI-1 and ATPP for experiment group were 12.2±1.5 μmol/L,18.2±2.3 μmol/L,348.7±194.8 ng/L,78.6±9.8 μmol/L and 32.2±4.5 s,respectively.Before treatment,the indicator of APTT for experiment patients was significantly shorter than it after treatment and that of the control group.The other four indicators were significantly higher than them after treatment and those of the control group.The differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Hcy,NT-proBNP,APTT,PAI-1,and t-PA had closely relation with the occurrence of acute cerebral infarction development,and they can be helpful to evaluate disease progression and predict prognosis for patients with acute cerebral infarction.
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Objective To construct a mouse model for real-time,noninvasive and specific monitoring of inflammation activation in hepatic tissues.Methods An inflammation reporter gene was targeted to the liver by hydrodynamic gene delivery technology.Bioluminescence imaging was used to detect the firefly luciferase(Fluc) expression in the mouse liver after inflammatory stimulation.Besides,the relevance between the light intensity and inflammation level was also intensively investigated.Results pIL-6-Fluc was successfully delivered to the liver.The hydrodynamic gene delivery could cause a transient liver injury that could return normal in 5 to 7 days.The expression of pIL-6-Fluc could be induced by lipopolysaccharides(LPS) treatment with an about (46.80±13.35) fold increase at the peak value,which was significantly higher than that detected by ELISA [(4.09±0.96)fold].Conclusion An inflammation reporter mouse model is constructed in this study by hydrodynamic gene transfection,allowing noninvasive monitoring of inflammation activation specifically in hepatic tissues.The reporter model is capable of monitoring inflammation activation with a sensitivity higher than that of ELISA.
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Objective To observe the effect of different needling retaining times in clinical curative effect of acupuncture on the treatment of periarthritis humeroscapularis.Methods A total of 60 patients, who met the inclusion criteara, were randomly divided into 2 groups according to random number table method, 30 patients in each group. Both groups were treated with the same acupuncture therapy for 20 times, but the needling retaining times were different as 20 minutes and 40 minutes. The curative effect rates, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Constant-Murley Score (CMS) were evaluated.Results After the treatment, the VAS scoresin 40mins group was significantly lower than that in the 20 mins group (2.67 ± 1.03vs.3.60 ± 1.48,t=-3.251, P<0.01); the CMSin 40 mins group was significantly higher than the 20 mins group (73.20 ± 10.88vs.66.47 ± 12.62,t=-2.199,P<0.05). The curative effect rates of the 40 mins group was 26.7% (8/30), which was significantly higher than 3.3% (1/30) in the 20 mins group (χ2=4.706,P=0.030). The total effective rates in the 40 mins group was 90.0% (27/30), which was significantly higher than 96.7% (29/30) in the 20 mins group (χ2=0.268,P=0.605).Conclusions Acupuncture treatment for the patients with periarthritis humeroscapularis showed that the 40 minutes of needling retaining times had better symptom improvement and restore function effects than 20 minutes, however the total effective rate was no significant difference.
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The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Laminaria japonica (Laminaria) on pharmacokinetics of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) following oral administration of Liquorice extract in rats. Following oral administrations of single-dose and multi-dose Liquorice extract and Liquorice-Laminaria extract, respectively, plasma samples were obtained at various times and the concentrations of GA, liquiritigenin, and isoliquiritigenin were measured by LC-MS. The effects of Laminaria extract on pharmacokinetics of GA were also investigated, following single-dose and multidose of glycyrrhizic acid (GL). The effects of Laminaria extract on intestinal absorption of GA and GL were studied using the in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion model. The metabolism of GL to GA in the contents of small and large intestines was also studied. The results showed Liquorice-Laminaria extract markedly increased the plasma concentration of GA, accompanied by a shorter Tmax. Similar alteration was observed following multidose administration. However, pharmacokinetics of neither liquiritigenin nor isoliquiritigenin was affected by Laminaria. Similarly, Laminaria markedly increased concentration and decreased Tmax of GA following oral GL were observed. The data from the intestinal perfusion model showed that Laminaria markedly increased GL absorption in duodenum and jejunum, but did not affect the intestinal absorption of GA. It was found that Laminaria enhanced the metabolism of GL to GA in large intestine. In conclusion, Laminaria increased plasma exposures of GA following oral administration of liquorice or GL, which partly resulted from increased intestinal absorption of GL and metabolism of GL to GA in large intestine.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Administration, Oral , Drug Interactions , Glycyrrhetinic Acid , Blood , Glycyrrhiza , Chemistry , Glycyrrhizic Acid , Blood , Pharmacokinetics , Intestinal Absorption , Intestinal Mucosa , Metabolism , Laminaria , Plant Extracts , Blood , Pharmacokinetics , Pharmacology , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
Organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATP), a member of solute carrier (SLC) superfamily, is considered as an important transmembrane uptake transporters. OATP is involved in the transport of a variety of endo- and xenobiotics (bile acids, bilirubin, prostaglandin, thyroid hormones, steroid hormone conjugates), drugs and toxins in a Na+ and ATP independent manner. Multiple factors (eg. hormones, proinflammatory cytokines, drugs) can affect the distribution, expression and activity of OATPs, leading to an altered accumulation of OATP substrates and related food-drug and drug-drug interactions. Changes in the distribution and expression of OATPs in malignant tissues may be related to the pathological process of cancer, while the modulation epigenetic mechanism also contributes to its distribution patterns. This review describes the factors that can affect the expression or function of OATPs, which may provide a valuable reference for drug development and the clarification of pathogenesis.
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Humans , Biological Transport , Neoplasms , Organic Anion Transporters , Physiology , XenobioticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association between rs1079595 polymorphisms in the DRD2 gene and the distractibility in school-age children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The genotyping at rs1079595 was performed and the distractibility was measured based on the temperament questionnaire in 120 8-12 years old school-age children in order to analyze the effects of the rs1079595 polymorphism and its interaction with the gender, age and delivery mode on the distractibility.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was an association between the distractibility and rs1079595 polymorphisms. The distractibility score in children with GG/GT genotypes was significantly higher than in children with the TT genotype (4.3 ± 0.6 vs 4.0 ± 0.7; P<0.05). The interaction between rs1079595 polymorphisms and the delivery mode produced an effect on the distractibility. The normal delivery children with T alleles were associated with a low distractibility (OR=0.037, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The distractibility based the temperament might be influenced by the rs1079595 polymorphism and its interaction with the delivery mode in school-age children.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Delivery, Obstetric , Genotype , Logistic Models , Polymorphism, Genetic , Receptors, Dopamine D2 , Genetics , TemperamentABSTRACT
Objective The generation of drug resistance often leads to the failure of the bladder cancer chemotherapy.P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an ATP-dependent drug efflux pump linked to development of multidrug resistance in cancer cells.The laboratory has successfully established adriamycin-resistant human bladder cancer cell line (pumc-91/ADM) from its parental cell line (pumc-91).According to the drug resistant spectrum analysis,pumc-91/ADM cell line exhibited the characteristics of multi-drug resistance.However,the expression of P-gp in two cell lines was still unknown.In this paper,there was a comparison between pumc-91/ADM and pumc-91 about the differential expression of P-gp.Methods To determine the expression and location of P-gp in pumc-91 and pumc-91/ADM,qRT-PCR,Western blot and immunocytochemistry were applied in the experiment.qRT-PCR was implemented to research the expression of P-gp mRNA in two cell lines (pumc-91/ADM and pumc-91).Western blot was adopted to investigate the expression of P-gp protein in pumc-91 and pumc-91/ADM cell lines.Immunocytochemistry technique was used to explore the cellular location of P-gp and affirm its expression in two cell lines visually.Student's t-test was employed for statistical analysis and P ＜ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of P-gp mRNA was upregulated in drug-resistant cell line pumc-91/ADM compared to parental cell line pumc-91.To normalize for differences in the amount of total RNA,GAPDH was selected as an endogenous RNA control.Compared with pumc-91,the expression of P-gp mRNA was upregulated 7.74 fold in pumc-91/ADM (t =11.97,P ＜ 0.05).Consistent with the qRT-PCR result,Western blot confirmed the protein of P-gp expressed differentially in two cell lines.The expression of P-gp protein was significantly increased in pumc-91/ADM compared to pumc-91.According to the results,the differences between pumc-91 and pumc-91/ADM had statistical significance (t =4.35,P＜0.05).Immunocytochemical analysis results demonstrated that P-gp was not only located in cell membrane but also in cytoplasm of the two cell lines.The expression of P-gp in pumc-91/ADM increased distinctly.The difference was statistically significant (t =11.41,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with pumc-91,the expression of P-gp in pumc-91/ADM was significantly upregulated.
ABSTRACT
Pneumonia is one of the most common medical complications after stroke.Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) can not only increase the length of hospital stay and medical cost of patients,but also an important risk factor for mortality and morbidity in patients with stroke.All these indicate that the importance of prediction and prevention of SAP.This article reviews the advances in research on the prediction and prevention of SAP.